Posts by WVSORO
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One more clay layer.
Slide WVSORO May 5, 2022
Again bentonite clay is placed above the cement bridge that is placed through the coal seam (though in some circumstances cement may be continued from the bottom of the coal all the way to the surface). More
Slide WVSORO May 5, 2022
Again bentonite clay is placed above the cement bridge that is placed through the coal seam (though in some circumstances cement may be continued from the bottom of the coal all the way to the surface). More
Dealing with the coal seam.
Slide WVSORO May 5, 2022
Coal seams also need to be isolated from any gas pressure or invasion. For one thing, coal seams have a form of cracks called cleats that can allow the gas to travel broadly in the horizontal plane and cause problems anywhere the coal seam is breached or even if it comes to the surface Also, increasing the methane in coal seams makes them harder to mine. And finally, and most importantly, it would be very dangerous to miners for a continuous mining machine to cut through a gas well that was not properly plugged and leak poisonous and explosive gas into the coal mine! More
Slide WVSORO May 5, 2022
Coal seams also need to be isolated from any gas pressure or invasion. For one thing, coal seams have a form of cracks called cleats that can allow the gas to travel broadly in the horizontal plane and cause problems anywhere the coal seam is breached or even if it comes to the surface Also, increasing the methane in coal seams makes them harder to mine. And finally, and most importantly, it would be very dangerous to miners for a continuous mining machine to cut through a gas well that was not properly plugged and leak poisonous and explosive gas into the coal mine! More
Using clay and cement to plug un-cemented, now un-cased, bore hole.
Slide WVSORO May 5, 2022
A special form of clay or other material is used for the next layer of plugging the borehole. This clay is often bentonite clay, a clay that expands as it soaks up water. It is very similar to kitty litter. It has other additives sometimes to do the best job. Probably because it is cheaper than cementing all the way to the top, most of the vertical height of the plug in the borehole is clay as we shall see in the next slides. It is shown as yellow in these slides. More
Slide WVSORO May 5, 2022
A special form of clay or other material is used for the next layer of plugging the borehole. This clay is often bentonite clay, a clay that expands as it soaks up water. It is very similar to kitty litter. It has other additives sometimes to do the best job. Probably because it is cheaper than cementing all the way to the top, most of the vertical height of the plug in the borehole is clay as we shall see in the next slides. It is shown as yellow in these slides. More
Killing the production formation and cementing above it.
Slide WVSORO May 5, 2022
After the tubing and un-cemented casing has been pulled out of the well, the plugger starts to actually plug up the bore hole headnidg up to teh surface plus any casing that is cemented into the bore hole. More
Slide WVSORO May 5, 2022
After the tubing and un-cemented casing has been pulled out of the well, the plugger starts to actually plug up the bore hole headnidg up to teh surface plus any casing that is cemented into the bore hole. More
UN-cemented casing has been pulled.
Slide WVSORO May 5, 2022
This graphic shows that the casing pipe that is not cemented into the well borehole has been cut at the bottom and pulled out the same way the tubing was. The casing pipe that has been cemented into the borehole cannot be removed (except sometimes later for coal mining -- see later slide). It is hoped that the cementing of the cemented casing pipe that is left in at the time of plugging was done right when the well was drilled and cemented. More
Slide WVSORO May 5, 2022
This graphic shows that the casing pipe that is not cemented into the well borehole has been cut at the bottom and pulled out the same way the tubing was. The casing pipe that has been cemented into the borehole cannot be removed (except sometimes later for coal mining -- see later slide). It is hoped that the cementing of the cemented casing pipe that is left in at the time of plugging was done right when the well was drilled and cemented. More
Tubing has been pulled and surface facilities removed.
Slide WVSORO May 5, 2022
This drawing shows that the tubing, shown as blue on previous slides, has been pulled out of the well and placed on the flatbed truck in the earlier picture, and the tank and wellhead and other equipment at the surface have been removed. More
Slide WVSORO May 5, 2022
This drawing shows that the tubing, shown as blue on previous slides, has been pulled out of the well and placed on the flatbed truck in the earlier picture, and the tank and wellhead and other equipment at the surface have been removed. More
Tubing that has been pulled from well.
Slide WVSORO May 5, 2022
The plugging has begun. The pressure from the gas-bearing formation (and there is probably not much pressure left) has been "killed" as explained in a futuer slide. The plugger has started pulling out the tubing and loading it onto this flatbed truck to be hauled away and scrapped. The UN-cemented casing will also be pulled from the well and will be placed on this or a similar flat bed trailer and hauled away. More
Slide WVSORO May 5, 2022
The plugging has begun. The pressure from the gas-bearing formation (and there is probably not much pressure left) has been "killed" as explained in a futuer slide. The plugger has started pulling out the tubing and loading it onto this flatbed truck to be hauled away and scrapped. The UN-cemented casing will also be pulled from the well and will be placed on this or a similar flat bed trailer and hauled away. More
Some of the plugging equipment.
Slide WVSORO May 5, 2022
In this picture the time has come to plug the well and, as pictured here, some of the equipment that is needed to plug a well is brought to the site. Facing the camera on the right is a truck pulling a flat bed trailer on which the tubing and casing will be placed and hauled away once it is cut off at the bottom and pulled up out of the well. On the left facing the camera is a tank truck probably carrying water necessary to mix with the clay that is talked about later. More
Slide WVSORO May 5, 2022
In this picture the time has come to plug the well and, as pictured here, some of the equipment that is needed to plug a well is brought to the site. Facing the camera on the right is a truck pulling a flat bed trailer on which the tubing and casing will be placed and hauled away once it is cut off at the bottom and pulled up out of the well. On the left facing the camera is a tank truck probably carrying water necessary to mix with the clay that is talked about later. More
Surface facilities.
Slide WVSORO May 5, 2022
This drawing is simpler and a little more to scale, plus it also shows some of the larger surface features of an active gas well. These surface features/equipment include: The well head and its ipes connected on the top of the casing and tubing. A tank for oil at an oil well or at a gas well sometimes for brine or other liquids that sometimes comes up with the gas from some formations/locations. Some kind of metering/measuring system. More
Slide WVSORO May 5, 2022
This drawing is simpler and a little more to scale, plus it also shows some of the larger surface features of an active gas well. These surface features/equipment include: The well head and its ipes connected on the top of the casing and tubing. A tank for oil at an oil well or at a gas well sometimes for brine or other liquids that sometimes comes up with the gas from some formations/locations. Some kind of metering/measuring system. More
Tubing inside casing.
Slide WVSORO May 4, 2022
In addition to the metal casing pipe, another smaller metal pipe is inserted down to the producing target formation inside the smallest casing pipe. It shows up in blue in this drawing. This smaller pipe is called the "tubing". It is through this tubing pipe that the gas actually flows up to the surface. More
Slide WVSORO May 4, 2022
In addition to the metal casing pipe, another smaller metal pipe is inserted down to the producing target formation inside the smallest casing pipe. It shows up in blue in this drawing. This smaller pipe is called the "tubing". It is through this tubing pipe that the gas actually flows up to the surface. More
Properly drilled, cased, and cemented well before plugging.
Slide WVSORO May 4, 2022
This slide shows a drawing of an oil or gas well after it has been properly drilled and cased/cemented. Several concentric layers of metal casing pipe have been inserted into the well borehole. Usually in West Virginia there is a surface casing pipe, and then inside that a casing pipe down through the coal and then inside that a “production” casing pipe all the way down into the target formation. More
Slide WVSORO May 4, 2022
This slide shows a drawing of an oil or gas well after it has been properly drilled and cased/cemented. Several concentric layers of metal casing pipe have been inserted into the well borehole. Usually in West Virginia there is a surface casing pipe, and then inside that a casing pipe down through the coal and then inside that a “production” casing pipe all the way down into the target formation. More
Showing formations originally drilled through.
Slide WVSORO May 4, 2022
Lets start by showing the relevant underground rock layers/formations through which a gas well is drilled in an abbreviated, drawing view. There is the green good ground water formation that needs protected, the brown bad groundwater formation that needs to be kept to itself, the black coal seam that needs protected from gas, and the blue gas-bearing target rock formation/strata from which the driller wants to produce gas. More
Slide WVSORO May 4, 2022
Lets start by showing the relevant underground rock layers/formations through which a gas well is drilled in an abbreviated, drawing view. There is the green good ground water formation that needs protected, the brown bad groundwater formation that needs to be kept to itself, the black coal seam that needs protected from gas, and the blue gas-bearing target rock formation/strata from which the driller wants to produce gas. More
Slideshow Index
Slide WVSORO May 4, 2022
Click here to start the slideshow, or click any thumbnail or slide title to go directly to that slide. Text below is only and excerpt from each slide. Return to slideshow intro page. More
Slide WVSORO May 4, 2022
Click here to start the slideshow, or click any thumbnail or slide title to go directly to that slide. Text below is only and excerpt from each slide. Return to slideshow intro page. More
Why an old well is plugged, not “capped”; and how a well is supposed to be plugged; and why a lot of oversight of well pluggers is needed.
Resource Gallery WVSORO May 4, 2022
WVSORO has created a new slide show on its website that shows how well plugging should be done, to show how plugging it is not “capping” a well, and to explain why plugging companies need lots of oversight to prevent well pluggers from yielding to the financial temptation to do an easily hidden bad job. More
Resource Gallery WVSORO May 4, 2022
WVSORO has created a new slide show on its website that shows how well plugging should be done, to show how plugging it is not “capping” a well, and to explain why plugging companies need lots of oversight to prevent well pluggers from yielding to the financial temptation to do an easily hidden bad job. More
Surface owners, royalty owners, environmental advocats urge Gov to put bill for more gas well inspectors on special session call
News WVSORO April 15, 2022
Issues: DEP, Oil and Gas
News WVSORO April 15, 2022
Dominion Post: Royalty owners, environmental advocates urge Gov. Justice to put bill for more gas well inspectors on special session call
Charleston Gazette: Environmental, royalty and surface owner advocates pressure Justice to add oil and gas inspector increase to special session
MoreIssues: DEP, Oil and Gas
Comments submitted on Department of the Interior guidance for first $25 Million to plug orphaned wells
Blog WVSORO April 1, 2022
WVSORO commented on the Department of the Interior's draft guidance for the first $25 Million coming to West Virginia to plug orphaned wells pursuant to the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law of 2021. More
Issues: Abandoned wells, Orphaned wells
Blog WVSORO April 1, 2022
WVSORO commented on the Department of the Interior's draft guidance for the first $25 Million coming to West Virginia to plug orphaned wells pursuant to the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law of 2021. More
Issues: Abandoned wells, Orphaned wells
SB 694 passed by the 2022 Legislature authorizing forced unitization of mineral tracts is OK because it is good for surface owners, and OK for mineral owners
Blog, Leasing / Amendment Advice WVSORO March 14, 2022
Forced unitization bills, often termed "forced pooling" bills, have been very controversial for years. WVSORO has always said a good forced pooling bill would be a good thing because it lessens the number of wells and well pads needed to produce natural gas for whatever market there is for natural gas. It is just that in prior years we have never seen a good bill, just one that favors industry over surface owners and those of our members who also own some minerals. This year's bill, SB 694, is not quite a "good" bill, but because of all the good surface protections it contains, and because it is OK to most mineral owners, and because the industry dominates the Legislature and could do so even more after the next election, WVSORO thinks this bill is OK and told the Legislature so. More
Issues: Pooling
Blog, Leasing / Amendment Advice WVSORO March 14, 2022
Forced unitization bills, often termed "forced pooling" bills, have been very controversial for years. WVSORO has always said a good forced pooling bill would be a good thing because it lessens the number of wells and well pads needed to produce natural gas for whatever market there is for natural gas. It is just that in prior years we have never seen a good bill, just one that favors industry over surface owners and those of our members who also own some minerals. This year's bill, SB 694, is not quite a "good" bill, but because of all the good surface protections it contains, and because it is OK to most mineral owners, and because the industry dominates the Legislature and could do so even more after the next election, WVSORO thinks this bill is OK and told the Legislature so. More
Issues: Pooling